Arthroscopic management of TMJ has become the preferred choice for treating anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR) because it offers lower morbidity than open surgery. This condition often leads to chronic pain and significant functional limitations for many patients. Consequently, clinicians are continuously refining surgical techniques to enhance long-term outcomes. A new study compared classical myotomy (CM), minimally invasive anterior arthroscopic myotomy (MIAAM), and posterior ligament electrocoagulation (PLE) to identify the most effective protocol.

The research team evaluated 86 patients over a six-month period. Specifically, 24 patients underwent CM, 30 received MIAAM, and 32 underwent PLE. The team tracked several key metrics, including maximum mouth opening (MMO) and joint function. Moreover, they used a visual analog scale (VAS) to monitor pain levels at baseline, one month, and six months post-surgery. While all groups showed significant initial improvement, the long-term data distinguished one technique as particularly effective.

Functional Recovery in Arthroscopic Management of TMJ

The results indicated that all three arthroscopic techniques successfully reduced pain. However, posterior ligament electrocoagulation (PLE) provided superior functional benefits. By the six-month follow-up, the PLE group achieved significantly higher MMO and better overall joint function compared to those who received CM or MIAAM. Therefore, PLE appears to offer a distinct advantage for restoring jaw mobility and complex joint movements. Consequently, surgeons may prefer this approach for patients requiring durable functional rehabilitation.

In addition to better mobility, PLE maintains a high safety profile. This procedure effectively addresses internal derangement while minimizing trauma to surrounding tissues. As a result, patients often report higher satisfaction with their long-term recovery. Thus, incorporating PLE into standard surgical practice could improve the standard of care for TMJ disorders. Furthermore, these findings highlight the importance of technique selection in achieving optimal surgical outcomes.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which arthroscopic technique is best for jaw mobility?

Current research suggests that posterior ligament electrocoagulation (PLE) offers superior long-term results for maximum mouth opening and joint function compared to classical myotomy techniques.

Does arthroscopy reduce TMJ pain effectively?

Yes, all common arthroscopic techniques, including myotomy and electrocoagulation, provide significant pain relief within the first month after the procedure.

Why is arthroscopy preferred over open TMJ surgery?

Arthroscopic surgery is minimally invasive, which leads to lower morbidity, faster recovery times, and less scarring for the patient compared to open surgical approaches.

Disclaimer: This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice or a professional recommendation. Refer to the latest local and national guidelines for clinical practice.

References

de Las Fuentes Monreal M et al. Comparative study between classical myotomy, subsynovial myotomy, or posterior ligament electrocoagulation in the arthroscopic management of anterior disc displacement without reduction of the temporomandibular joint. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2026 May 20. doi: undefined. PMID: 42160800.

Al-Moraissi EA et al. What is the most effective treatment for temporomandibular joint disc displacement without reduction? A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021.

Choi DD et al. Is Temporomandibular Joint Arthroscopy Effective in Managing Pediatric Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in the Short- and Long-Term? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020.