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This meta-analysis evaluated how age and sex influence tumor progression in low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) under active surveillance. Eight cohorts involving 4,725 to 4,916 patients were included. Older age (30–50+ years) was associated with a significantly lower risk of tumor progression, while no significant difference was observed between sexes. These findings support age-specific risk considerations when managing low-risk PTC.

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This meta-analysis evaluated how age and sex influence tumor progression in low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) under active surveillance. Eight cohorts involving 4,725 to 4,916 patients were included. Older age (30–50+ years) was associated with a significantly lower risk of tumor progression, while no significant difference was observed between sexes. These findings support age-specific risk considerations when managing low-risk PTC.
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