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Endocrine disruptor safety is a critical concern for modern medicine, particularly when evaluating long-term health outcomes across the life-course. A new study proposes an integrated workflow that bridges the \"Safe and Sustainable by Design\" (SSbD) framework with life-course exposome science. This approach aims to identify harmful exposures early in a chemical's lifecycle by using New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). Consequently, researchers can prioritize human-relevant evidence over traditional, broad animal testing.
The proposed decision workflow involves several key stages. First, problem formulation focuses on susceptible populations and windows of vulnerability. Second, scientists use Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP)-guided selection to curate bioactivity evidence. Furthermore, physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling translates in vitro findings into internal dose anchors. Finally, a transparent multi-criteria synthesis supports early design trade-offs for safer chemical production.
To demonstrate the framework, the researchers compared Bisphenol A (BPA) with alternatives like BPAP and isosorbide. While BPAP is structurally similar to BPA, the study used Estrogen Receptor (ER) bioactivity anchors to assess its risk. Interestingly, the internal margin for BPAP suggested it might still pose significant endocrine risks. In contrast, isosorbide, a bio-based monomer, showed weak or absent bioactivity. Therefore, these candidates can be advanced while more potent alternatives are deprioritized or redesigned.
This systematic approach helps clinicians and regulators move beyond \"regrettable substitutions.\" By mapping NAM outputs to human life-course windows, we can ensure that new chemicals are truly safer. This is especially vital for pediatric and obstetric health, where early-life exposures have permanent effects. Moreover, the workflow supports the \"3Rs\" principle by reducing the need for unnecessary in vivo studies.
The SSbD framework integrates safety and sustainability into the earliest design phases of a chemical. It uses advanced modeling and human-relevant data to prevent the creation of harmful substances before they reach the market.
Life-course exposome science studies every environmental exposure a person encounters from conception onwards. This is crucial for endocrinology because hormonal systems are highly sensitive during specific developmental windows, such as fetal growth and puberty.
Disclaimer: This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice or a substitute for professional healthcare. Always consult with a qualified health professional for diagnosis and treatment. Refer to the latest local and national guidelines for clinical practice.
References
Sarigiannis D et al. Bridging the life-course exposome approach with a life-cycle perspective in safe and sustainable by design (SSbD) for chemical risk. Hum Genomics. 2026 May 07. doi: 10.1186/s40246-026-00976-1. PMID: 42098892.
National Institutes of Health. Concern about the Safety of Bisphenol A Substitutes. Diabetes & Metabolism Journal. 2019.
European Commission. Recommendation on a European assessment framework for 'safe and sustainable by design' chemicals and materials. 2022.
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