Managing advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents a significant financial challenge for healthcare systems. A recent systematic literature review highlights that the economic burden of NSCLC involves high healthcare resource utilization (HCRU). Specifically, patients frequently require hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and extensive outpatient care. Most patients also undergo regular diagnostic or monitoring tests to manage their condition effectively.

Primary Drivers of the Economic Burden of NSCLC

Several factors influence the total expenditure associated with treating advanced disease. Drug-related costs typically serve as the primary driver, accounting for up to 76% of total expenses. Furthermore, inpatient and outpatient services contribute significantly to the overall financial load. Interestingly, patients receiving immunotherapy often experience lower hospitalization and pharmacy visit rates compared to those on chemotherapy. Consequently, immunotherapy may offer a more favorable resource profile despite its high acquisition price.

Clinical Complications and Resource Utilization

Clinical factors like brain or central nervous system (CNS) metastases further increase the HCRU. Patients with these complications require more intensive management and specialized interventions. Moreover, the severity of the disease at diagnosis and the presence of comorbidities worsen the economic impact. While costs vary greatly between countries, the mean direct costs can reach as high as US$158,908 over 24 months. Therefore, clinical decisions must account for these substantial financial implications to ensure sustainable care.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the main drivers of direct costs in advanced NSCLC?

The primary cost drivers include drug-related expenses, outpatient costs, and inpatient hospitalizations. Drug costs alone can account for nearly 76% of the total economic burden in certain regions.

How do brain metastases affect healthcare resource utilization?

Brain and CNS metastases are major clinical factors that increase healthcare resource utilization. These patients often require more diagnostic monitoring and frequent hospital visits than those without such metastases.

Does immunotherapy reduce healthcare costs compared to chemotherapy?

Research suggests that immunotherapy may lead to lower rates of hospitalization and emergency department visits compared to chemotherapy. This can potentially reduce certain components of the overall healthcare expenditure.

Disclaimer: This content is for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice or a professional opinion. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Refer to the latest local and national guidelines for clinical practice.

References

Jovanoski N et al. Economic burden of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): a systematic literature review. J Med Econ. 2026 Dec undefined. doi: 10.1080/13696998.2026.2623789. PMID: 41723781.

Agrawal S, et al. Financial toxicity and the economic burden of lung cancer treatment in low-and middle-income countries. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2023.

Sathish Kumar K, et al. Economic Burden of Cancer Treatment in a Region in South India: A Cross Sectional Analytical Study. West Asian J Cancer Prev. 2021.