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This study identified urinary biomarkers for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) using LC–MS/MS proteomic analysis. Among 212 proteins, vitronectin (uVTN) levels were significantly elevated in MBC patients and correlated with disease status. uVTN effectively distinguished MBC from healthy controls (AUC = 0.782). These findings support uVTN as a promising non-invasive biomarker for detecting and monitoring MBC progression and recurrence.

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This study identified urinary biomarkers for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) using LC–MS/MS proteomic analysis. Among 212 proteins, vitronectin (uVTN) levels were significantly elevated in MBC patients and correlated with disease status. uVTN effectively distinguished MBC from healthy controls (AUC = 0.782). These findings support uVTN as a promising non-invasive biomarker for detecting and monitoring MBC progression and recurrence.
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