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Evidence synthesis requires a thorough search of grey literature to ensure comprehensive results. Preprint search aggregators have emerged as vital tools for researchers attempting to discover early-stage findings before formal peer review. A recent study compared 12 different sources to evaluate their effectiveness during the information retrieval stage. Consequently, clinicians and academic researchers can now better understand which platforms offer the most reliable and comprehensive coverage.
The researchers tested various databases and aggregators that host two or more preprint servers. They specifically analyzed search functionality and extracted essential features needed for systematic reviews. Interestingly, many platforms still lack advanced search operators or convenient export functions. Therefore, selecting the right tool is essential to balance search efficiency with the need for total coverage of the available literature.
Several technical limitations currently hinder the usability of these platforms for systematic evidence synthesis. For instance, some aggregators impose strict character or word limits on search queries. Furthermore, differing approaches to document versioning make it difficult to track updates across various sources. As a result, searchers must remain informed about ongoing updates to search interfaces and functional capabilities to maintain search reproducibility.
Identifying preprints is now a standard recommendation in many evidence synthesis guidelines. However, the inability to design a reproducible search strategy on certain platforms remains a significant hurdle. By following the recommendations and scenarios outlined in this study, searchers can make more informed decisions. This approach ensures that the information retrieval process is both exhaustive and efficient.
Preprints provide access to the latest research findings before they undergo formal peer review. Including them reduces publication bias and ensures your synthesis reflects the most current data available in the field, which is critical during fast-moving health crises.
Many aggregators have limited advanced search capabilities and lack features to export results into citation managers. Additionally, strict character limits for search queries often prevent researchers from using the complex, comprehensive search strings required for systematic reviews.
To ensure reproducibility, researchers should document the specific aggregator used, the exact search string, and the date of the search. Choosing aggregators that support advanced Boolean operators and provide stable versioning of records is also highly recommended.
Disclaimer: This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Refer to the latest local and national guidelines for clinical practice.
References
1. Premji Z et al. A comparison of preprint search aggregators: comprehensive identification of preprints in the information retrieval stage of evidence syntheses. Res Synth Methods. 2026 Jun 17. doi: 10.1017/rsm.2026.10101. PMID: 42306862.
2. Premji, Z., & Riegelman, A. (2024, March 7). Preprint repository search syntax table. University of Victoria Libraries. https://lib.uvic.ca/preprintsearchsyntax.
3. Incorporating Preprints in Systematic Reviews: A Preliminary Study of a Novel Method for Rapid Evidence Synthesis. PMC. 2025 July 16. PMCID: PMC11252101.
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Evidence synthesis requires searching grey literature, including preprints. This study compares 12 preprint search aggregators to help researchers maximize coverage and efficiency. It highlights limitations like search query limits and export issues, providing scenarios for informed decision-making.
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