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Biological sulfur species have emerged as versatile mediators of redox chemistry. Consequently, they link thiol-based signaling and oxidative stress response to metabolic regulation. Among these species, biological metal persulfides (RSSH) occupy a unique chemical niche. Furthermore, these molecules exhibit both nucleophilic and electrophilic reactivity. Because of their tunable acidity, they allow for dynamic sulfur exchange. As a result, persulfides act as central participants in cellular homeostasis. Similarly, they facilitate sulfur trafficking processes within the cell.
Specifically, recent advances show how coordination modes modulate reactivity. For example, the local microenvironment and metal identity play critical roles. Therefore, metal-bound persulfides can facilitate the biosynthesis of cofactors. In addition, these cofactors remain essential for various enzymatic activities in human physiology. However, researchers are also exploring related selenium systems. While selenium and sulfur are similar, they showcase distinct differences. Moreover, these emerging insights clarify how persulfides regulate signaling. Consequently, doctors can now better understand metabolic disorders related to sulfur. Thus, this knowledge provides a bridge from chemistry to clinical function. In conclusion, sulfur biology remains a vital field for future therapeutic development.
They are specialized sulfur species (RSSH) bound to metal centers that facilitate redox signaling and cofactor biosynthesis within cells.
Persulfides regulate oxidative signaling and protect cells against stress, which is critical for maintaining metabolic and cardiovascular health.
Persulfides exhibit higher nucleophilicity and unique electrophilic character, making them more reactive and versatile than traditional thiols like glutathione.
Disclaimer: This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice or a professional relationship. Refer to the latest local and national guidelines for clinical practice.
References
1. Li K et al. From Fundamental Chemistry to Biological Function: The Biological and Abiological Chemistry of Metal Persulfides and Related Species. Chem Rev. 2026 May 27. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5c00935. PMID: 42201751.
2. Cuevasanta E et al. Hydrogen Sulfide and Persulfides Oxidation by Biologically Relevant Oxidizing Species. Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Feb 22;8(2):48.
3. Akaike T et al. Enzymatic Regulation and Biological Functions of Reactive Cysteine Persulfides and Polysulfides. MDPI. 2020 Aug 27;9(9):444.
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A comprehensive review of metal persulfides, detailing their unique chemistry and vital roles in biological signaling and sulfur metabolism....
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