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The Sepsis-3 consensus reshaped how clinicians define and recognise sepsis and septic shock. The task force moved away from older SIRS-based terminology and defined sepsis as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. For bedside operationalisation, an acute rise in SOFA score of at least 2 points was proposed as a marker of organ dysfunction. Septic shock was defined as a more severe subset characterised by persistent circulatory and metabolic abnormalities despite adequate fluid resuscitation, operationalised using vasopressor requirements to maintain a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mm Hg together with a lactate level above 2 mmol/L. The paper also introduced qSOFA as a rapid bedside score for identifying patients with suspected infection who may be at higher risk of poor outcomes outside the ICU. For practicing intensivists, the most important message is that sepsis is fundamentally a syndrome of organ dysfunction rather than simply an exaggerated inflammatory state. The consensus provides a common language for triage, clinical communication, epidemiology and research, while also highlighting the limitations of any single score in making individual bedside decisions.

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The Sepsis-3 consensus reshaped how clinicians define and recognise sepsis and septic shock. The task force moved away from older SIRS-based terminology and defined sepsis as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. For bedside operationalisation, an acute rise in SOFA score of at least 2 points was proposed as a marker of organ dysfunction. Septic shock was defined as a more severe subset characterised by persistent circulatory and metabolic abnormalities despite adequate fluid resuscitation, operationalised using vasopressor requirements to maintain a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mm Hg together with a lactate level above 2 mmol/L. The paper also introduced qSOFA as a rapid bedside score for identifying patients with suspected infection who may be at higher risk of poor outcomes outside the ICU. For practicing intensivists, the most important message is that sepsis is fundamentally a syndrome of organ dysfunction rather than simply an exaggerated inflammatory state. The consensus provides a common language for triage, clinical communication, epidemiology and research, while also highlighting the limitations of any single score in making individual bedside decisions.
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