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This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke using 17 randomized controlled trials involving 999 patients, of whom 495 received stem cell therapy and 504 received control treatment. Pooled results suggested a modest improvement in modified Rankin Scale scores (mean difference, −0.27; 95% CI, −0.51 to −0.03; \(p=0.027\)) and Barthel Index scores (mean difference, 7.78; 95% CI, 0.50–15.06; \(p=0.036\)). Mortality was also lower in the pooled analysis (risk ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42–0.98; \(p=0.040\)), while no significant benefit was observed for National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores. Adverse-event incidence was comparable between groups. The authors noted moderate heterogeneity and moderate risk of bias; importantly, the functional benefit on the modified Rankin Scale was no longer statistically significant in leave-one-out sensitivity analyses. Stem cell therapy therefore remains promising but investigational, with larger, higher-quality trials needed to establish reliable clinical benefit.
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This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke using 17 randomized controlled trials involving 999 patients, of whom 495 received stem cell therapy and 504 received control treatment. Pooled results suggested a modest improvement in modified Rankin Scale scores (mean difference, −0.27; 95% CI, −0.51 to −0.03; \(p=0.027\)) and Barthel Index scores (mean difference, 7.78; 95% CI, 0.50–15.06; \(p=0.036\)). Mortality was also lower in the pooled analysis (risk ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42–0.98; \(p=0.040\)), while no significant benefit was observed for National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores. Adverse-event incidence was comparable between groups. The authors noted moderate heterogeneity and moderate risk of bias; importantly, the functional benefit on the modified Rankin Scale was no longer statistically significant in leave-one-out sensitivity analyses. Stem cell therapy therefore remains promising but investigational, with larger, higher-quality trials needed to establish reliable clinical benefit.
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