In tropical regions like India, healthcare research focus remains largely fixed on malaria and dengue vectors. Consequently, this trend leads to neglected Culex mosquitoes and the various pathogens they carry. A new systematic literature review reveals that research on Culex species is significantly lower in countries endemic for malaria and dengue compared to non-endemic regions.

Addressing the Gap in Neglected Culex Mosquitoes Research

The study examined over 1,300 publications from 2010 and 2020 to quantify this reporting bias. Results showed that non-endemic countries included Culex data in 64.5% of their studies. However, malaria-endemic countries reported on Culex in only 30.2% of their published literature. This gap exists despite the heavy burden of Culex-borne diseases such as Japanese Encephalitis and Lymphatic Filariasis in regions like India. Furthermore, the research emphasis shifted toward Aedes during the Zika and dengue expansions between 2010 and 2020. In contrast, reporting on Anopheles actually decreased during the same period.

This evidence indicates that global research priorities often respond to high-profile human-amplified pathogens rather than zoonotic risks. Specifically, Culex mosquitoes transmit several zoonotic pathogens that require consistent monitoring to prevent unexpected outbreaks. Therefore, researchers should include broader mosquito community data when publishing malaria or dengue vector studies. Additionally, public health officials must allocate attention proportional to the total human health burden of all vectors. By addressing the status of neglected Culex mosquitoes, the medical community can better prepare for emerging infectious disease threats.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is research on Culex mosquitoes often overshadowed?

Research often prioritizes the high mortality and morbidity of malaria and dengue. Consequently, vectors like Culex receive less funding and scientific attention in endemic regions.

What are the main diseases spread by Culex in India?

Culex mosquitoes are the primary vectors for Japanese Encephalitis and Lymphatic Filariasis. These diseases represent major public health concerns in many Indian states, including Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

How can research practices change to improve surveillance?

Scientists should include complete data on all mosquito species found during field collections. This ensures that even if the primary focus is on malaria, data on neglected Culex mosquitoes is preserved for future public health analysis.

Disclaimer: This content is for informational and educational purposes only... Refer to the latest local and national guidelines for clinical practice.

References

1. Abdi AA et al. Forgotten in the tropics: research on Culex mosquitoes is overshadowed in malaria and dengue-endemic regions. Parasit Vectors. 2026 Apr 17. doi: 10.1186/s13071-026-07309-0. PMID: 41998788.


2. World Health Organization. Fact sheets on vector-borne diseases in India. WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia.


3. National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP). Mid Term Review of the National Strategic Plan for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.